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Challenges associated with online health information seeking among older adults Ronald W blood sugar goes up overnight buy forxiga 10mg cheap. The participants symptoms of diabetes type 2 yahoo cheap forxiga 5 mg on line, who had prior computer experience, were also tasked with rating the usability of the Medicare. Participants performed best in making an enrollment decision, but even in this case only 57. In addition, over half of participants found it difficult to navigate the Medicare. As shown by this study, seeking online health information is not always an easy endeavor, especially for older adults. While there now exist numerous devices and applications which fall under the purview of e-health, such as wearable technologies to track vital signs or mobile phone apps to manage health lifestyles, one of the most common types of e-health is that of online health information seeking. This chapter specifically discusses the challenges older adults face when attempting to search for health information online. Specifically, we discuss the unique characteristics and risk factors relevant to older adults, which may increase the probability of unsuccessful information searches, or contribute to a decreased ability among older adults in being able to successfully utilize the information found. These challenges include those associated with physical health limitations, cognitive limitations, issues with literacy (including health literacy, numeracy, and digital literacy), and negative attitudes toward technology. In addition, by identifying the challenges older adults face in online health information seeking, technology training interventionists may better tailor their training protocols to the specific needs. Lack of Internet use and broadband access is especially pronounced among those in the older cohorts. Older adults who report using the Internet have been shown to experience less loneliness Challenges associated with online health information seeking among older adults 33. The disparities associated with Internet use are commonly referred to as the digital divide and manifest in two broad "levels": the first-level digital divide (which primarily includes issues of access), and the second-level digital divide (which primarily includes issues of knowledge and skill). In addition, because these technologies are constantly upgrading and updating, it can be difficult for older learners and users to "keep up," as they may constantly have to learn new online skills. With regards to e-health, Pew reports that looking for health information ranks as the third-most popular activity to do online among older adults aged 651, behind only email use and searching for general information (Zickuhr, 2010). While the Internet is not typically perceived as the most referenced or most trustworthy sources of health information among older adults, among those who are online the Internet is ranked high as a preferred source of health information (behind only healthcare providers and pharmacists), and it is common for older Internet users to supplement the information they receive from other sources with information found on the Internet (Medlock et al. While individual strategies for online information seeking can be more detailed (Thatcher, 2008), in general the literature on the subject identifies two primary and broad strategies employed by web users (Marchionini, 1997): analytic strategies (wherein users extract keywords from a given problem scenario and use these terms to search for information through the use of a search engine) and browsing strategies (wherein users explore websites or categories within a specific website by following links and tabs that may yield appropriate information). Drabenstott (2001) elaborates on the bottomup strategy by proposing 6 keyword formulation and utilization profiles: 1. Kitchen sink-the user enters numerous keywords into a search bar, throwing everything in "but the kitchen sink. Big bite-the user enters additional keywords to the original search term to narrow down the results of the search query. Citation pearl growing-the user recycles previously successful keywords in a new search. Help from your friends-the user utilizes subject directories to aid in the search. Interestingly, while there tends to be significant differences between younger adults and older adults with regards to search strategies employed, the time it takes to conduct a search, and the "amount". Older adults may be more likely to use a top-down strategy, exhibit longer search times, and exhibit lower "amounts" of search, but may still be able to score relatively similarly to younger groups. The key phrase here is all else equal-assuming similar scores on Internet experience, cognitive abilities, etc. However, there are a number of barriers and challenges unique to older populations that tip the scale in a way that can prevent successful health searches, including physical barriers, cognitive limitations, literacy levels, and attitudes toward technology. It is an unfortunate conundrum, as those who experience physical health issues may be the most in need of health information but are also less likely to be able to get online to retrieve the information they need, as their physical health issues may prevent them from doing so. Common visual changes that occur as an individual ages include (but are not limited to): a decline in visual acuity. If the font size of a health- or healthcare-related website it small, or if the font style is particularly difficult to read, older adults with visual impairments may not be able to locate or read the information provided on the site. If there is not enough contrast between colors on the website, older adults with visual impairments may not be able to differentiate between the text and background, or between different sections of the site. Even something as innocuous as a mouse cursor can pose an issue for an individual with vision issues-if an older adult is using a laptop or desktop computer to navigate the Internet and the mouse cursor is too small to see clearly, the user may not be able to click on the necessary tabs and links or may not be able to navigate the cursor to a search bar.
Pain blood sugar 150 order forxiga on line amex,I pointed out diabetes insipidus sodium level order forxiga cheap, gave me a great advantage over our friends Namo, Sadan,andthe otherleprosy patients. My wound would likely heal faster, with less danger of complications, because I felt pain. If I asked my grown children todayto tecall their mostvivid lesson aboutpain, probably they wouldall mention the samescene from India. Each summer our entire family piled into a car and drove 280 miles to a magnificent site high in the Nilgiri Hills, an area of virgin jungle still patrolled by tigers and panthers. Our summer bungalow,lent to us by the managerofa tea estate whose Webbs, another Vellore staff family, often shared our summer bungalow, and it was John Webb,a pediatrician, who prompted the memorable lesson aboutpain. The Riding his motorcycle on thecurvy, unpaved mountain road one day, John had to swerve so sharply to avoid a dog that his wheelcaught a rock and flew out from under him. Hefell clear of the motorcycle, but momentum sent him skidding chin-first along the gravelly path. Although his wounds were no moreserious than scrapes and bruises, tiny pieces of dirt and gravel had ground into the flesh. Knowing my views on pain, John was happy to let me use him as an object lesson for the children. I scrubbed the raw flesh with my frothy brush, and our children furnished the sound effects. Nowthat it was his turn, he gritted fetched a basin, plain soap, and stiff nail brush. I scrubbed until I saw nothing but clean pink skin and deeper bleeding dermis, and then applied a soothing antiseptic ointment. Over the next few days the children got a short course in physiology as John and I expounded on the magic of blood and other painkiller, and my children learned that pain can be borne. Perhaps more important, they saw John accepting pain as a valuable part of the recovery process. Daily, he would peel back the dressings to check the progress of healing and then give us a tendeliberately. Hanging a picture on the wall back in Vellore soon after our vacation, I pounded derness report. His body spoke to him in the language ofpain, forcing him to take extra precautions. He took no aspirin or "Go on, Paul, go on," John said through clenched teeth if he ping up and down, squeezing the offended thumb. I dropped the hammerand began hop- the notion that what we think and feel in the mindaffects the health of our bodies has gradually seeped into medical consciousness. And thanks to popular authors like Bill Moyers, Norman become aware of the role emotions can play in healing. As one wry observer commented, "Sometimes it is more important to Cousins, and Dr. In his Montreal laboratory Selye spent years conducting experiments on rats to find out what damages the body. He wrote thirty books on the subject himself, and well over a hundred thousand articles have been published about the "stress syndrome" which hefirst described in 1936. Selye observed that mental stress causes the body to produce extra supplies of adrenaline (epinephrine), which accelerates heart rate and breathing. In searching for the root cause of stress, Selye found that such factors as anxiety and depression can trigger attacks of pain or intensify pain already present. As Selye summarized his research toward the end ofhis life, he named vengeance and bitterness as the emotional responses most likely to produce high stress levels in human beings. Conversely, he concluded, gratitude is the single response most nourishing to health. Today, if any of our group should suffer from intractable pain, we A radical change in outlook took place among the group of scientists and health workers at Carville as they saw daily proof of may becomeafraid and depressed. But I Weaving the Parachute 223 One reason some cancers are morefatal than othersis. Cancer in an organ spread to a sensitive organ like the pleura, the membrane of the lung. By that time cancer may have entered the bloodstream and metastasized beyondthe reach of local treatment.
Phosphatidylcholine helps your bile flow smoothly out of your gallbladder to aid in digestion diabetes hyperglycemia signs and symptoms purchase forxiga us, thus keeping bacteria out of your small intestine diabetes mellitus with neuropathy generic forxiga 10 mg mastercard. Phosphatidylcholine also helps package and move triglycerides, a type of fat, out of your liver. Without enough phosphatidylcholine, you can develop a condition known as fatty liver. In addition, phosphatidylcholine is essential for nerve function, muscle movement, and brain development. You need choline for a number of tasks: To support liver function, nerve function, muscle movement, energy levels, and metabolism. To make acetylcholine, a brain neurotransmitter important for learning and concentration. To avoid that dirty situation, you need a good supply of dietary choline so that other genes can use it to make phosphatidylcholine: Choline: liver, eggs, fish, chicken, red meat As you can see, getting dietary choline is tough for vegetarians and vegans. However it comes about, a low-choline diet puts people at risk for fatty liver, liver cell death, and muscle damage. This 80 makes sense when you think that young women are the ones who get pregnant and breastfeed. They need a whole lot of choline to bear and nurture children, so nature has arranged backup. Some studies have shown that the less choline a woman consumes, the higher her risk of breast cancer. As this chapter stresses, choline is needed to make phosphatidylcholine, which is used to make cell membranes. Since women who are pregnant or breastfeeding are making a lot of new cells, they need a lot of choline. As children grow, they create lots of new cells every day, so they need lots of phosphatidylcholine, too. Without enough choline in their diet, they could be at risk of 81 a phosphatidylcholine deficiency. Too little folate means that your body uses way more choline-and you could end up deficient. Since she was still reluctant to rely too much on meat, I suggested that she start making egg salads, which are a mainstay of my own diet. The lower you are in methylfolate, the more choline you have to use to support your Methylation Cycle. This requires chewing thoroughly, eating while calm, not drinking more than eight ounces 84 of liquid during meals, not taking antacids, and not driving while eating. Go for proteins, healthy fats, and complex carbs, such as snap peas, baby carrots, and hummus. Wash your hands-with natural soaps, not antibacterials-before eating or after spending time in highly public places such as airplanes, hospitals, schools, offices, and sporting facilities. This will help you reduce infections from bacteria and viruses, which will ease the burden on your system and reduce your need for extra choline. Because 85 percent of all methylation reactions occur in the liver, easing the strain on that organ will protect your phosphatidylcholine levels, and your liver as well. If your gallbladder is sluggish, consider working with a professional who specializes in visceral manipulation. The manipulation is fast and effective and allows immediate relief while you change your diet and lifestyle. Simply add the new recommendations below to further enhance cleaning up your genes. Just as each of us might need different types of medicine, we each need different types of food. We all know that while a certain medicine might help one person, it hinders another by generating significant side effects. Different genes become dirty or get clean, and since all your genes are always talking to one another, your whole biochemistry is constantly changing in response. The goal of this book is to teach you how to live as optimally as possible so that you can reach-and maintain-your genetic potential. You can do that best by learning how to tune in to yourself, so that you always know what to eat, and when.
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